Comprehensive Analysis of ASTM 301 / JIS SUS301 Stainless Steel

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1. The definition corresponds to the standard

ASTM 301 (UNS S30100) and JIS SUS301 are differences in the international standard naming of the same material. Both belong to austenitic stainless steel and have similar chemical composition and performance characteristics.

Correspondence:

ASTM/AISI standard: 301

JIS standard: SUS301

EN standard: 1.4310 (European standard)

2. Chemical composition

Core component (%) :

Carbon (C) : ≤0.15

Chromium (Cr) : 16.00-18.00

Nickel (Ni) : 6.00-8.00

Manganese (Mn) : ≤2.00

Silicon (Si) : ≤1.00

Phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S) : ≤0.045 and ≤0.030 respectively.

Characteristics: Compared with 304 stainless steel, it has lower nickel and chromium content, but slightly higher carbon content, making it suitable for cold working strengthening.

3. Mechanical properties

Basic properties (annealed state) :

Tensile strength (σb) : ≥520 MPa

Yield strength (σ0.2) : ≥205 MPa

Elongation (δ5) : ≥40%

Hardness: ≤187 HBW (Brinell hardness).

After cold working strengthening:

The tensile strength can be increased to ≥1270 MPa (such as in the H state of quenched and tempered rolling).

It has excellent elastic properties after cold working and is suitable for manufacturing high-strength components such as springs and fasteners.

4. Physical and corrosion resistance properties

Physical properties:

Density: 7.93 g/cm³

Melting point: 1398-1420°C

Thermal conductivity (100°C) : 16.3 W/(m·K).

Corrosion resistance:

It performs well in oxidizing and weakly corrosive environments (such as atmospheric and water media).

The resistance to chloride corrosion is weaker than that of the 304/316 series, and long-term contact with high-chlorine environments should be avoided.

5. Processing and heat treatment

Cold working

It is suitable for cold rolling, stamping, drawing and other processes, significantly improving hardness and strength (such as 1/4H, 1/2H, H and other states).

Heat treatment

Solution annealing: Rapid cooling at 1010-1150°C to eliminate processing stress and restore plasticity.

Aging treatment: Hold at 300-500°C and then air cool to further enhance strength (if used for precision parts).

6. Application fields

Transportation: Railway vehicle frames, automotive springs, aircraft structural components.

Electronic devices: mobile phone frames, connector spring pieces (utilizing high elasticity and conductivity).

Industrial components: conveyor belts, bolts, nuts, medical devices (surface polishing or coating treatment required).

Architectural decoration: Lightweight structural components, interior decorative strips (note the corrosion resistance limit).

7. Standard Differences and selection suggestions

ASTM vs JIS

ASTM allows for a wider range of composition fluctuations (such as the range of Ni content), while JIS has stricter control over impurities.

JIS SUS301 subdivision status (for example, -CP represents cold-rolled sheet, -CS represents cold-rolled strip).

Selection priority:

High elasticity demand: Select the cold-rolled quenched and tempered state (such as H, EH).

Welding requirements: Low-carbon models (such as SUS301L) or use after solution annealing are preferred.

8. Restrictions and Precautions

Magnetism: Weak magnetism (austenite metastable state transformation) may occur after cold working.

Welding risk: Heat input needs to be controlled to avoid intergranular corrosion. Argon arc welding is recommended and followed by pickling.

Temperature limit: Long-term operating temperature ≤800°C (Oxidation or strength reduction may occur at high temperatures).

Summary

ASTM 301 and JIS SUS301, as high work hardening stainless steels, are suitable for scenarios that require high strength, elasticity and lightweight. However, the selection should be reasonable based on the specific environment (such as corrosiveness, temperature) and processing state (cold rolling/annealing). The two are highly consistent in chemical composition and performance, with the main difference reflected in the detailed requirements of the standard system.

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